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Giovanni Segantini (15 January 1858 – 28 September 1899) was an Italian painter known for his large pastoral landscapes of the Alps. He was one of the most famous artists in Europe in the late 19th century, and his paintings were collected by major museums. In later life he combined a Divisionist painting style with Symbolist images of nature. He was active in Switzerland during the last period of his life.
Giovanni Battista Emanuele Maria Segatini [sic] was born at Arco in Trentino, which was then part of the County of Tyrol in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He later changed his family name by adding another "n" after the "a". He was the second child of Agostino Segatini (1802–1866) and Margherita de Giradi (1828–1865). His older brother, Lodovico, died in a fire the year Giovanni was born. During the first seven years of his life his father, who was a tradesman, traveled extensively while looking for work. Except for a six-month period in 1864 when Agostino returned to Trentino, Segantini spent his early years with his mother, who experienced severe depression due to the death of Lodovico. These years were marked by poverty, hunger and limited education due to his mother's inability to cope.
In the spring of 1865 his mother died after spending the past seven years in increasingly poor health. His father left Giovanni under the care of Irene, his second child from a previous marriage, and again traveled in search of work. He died a year later without returning home and leaving his family nothing. Without money from her father, Irene lived in extreme poverty. She was forced to spend most of her time working menial jobs while leaving Giovanni to subsist on his own.
Irene hoped to improve her life by moving to Milan, and in late 1865 she submitted an application to relinquish Austrian citizenship for both her brother and her. She either misunderstood the process or simply did not have enough time to follow through, and although their Austrian citizenship was revoked she neglected to apply for Italian citizenship. As a result, both Segantini and his sister remained stateless for the rest of their lives. After he became famous Switzerland offered him citizenship on more than one occasion, but he refused in spite of many hardships, saying Italy was his true homeland. After his death the Swiss government successfully awarded him citizenship.
At age seven Segantini ran away and was later found living on the streets of Milan. The police committed him to the Marchiondi Reformatory, where he learned basic cobbling skills but little else. For much of his early life he could barely read or write; he finally learned both skills when he was in his mid-30s. Fortunately a chaplain at the reformatory noticed that he could draw quite well, and he encouraged this talent in an attempt to lift his self-esteem.
In 1873 Segantini's half-brother Napoleon claimed him from the reformatory, and for the next year Segantini lived with Napoleon in Trentino. Napoleon ran a photography studio, and Segantini learned the basics of this relatively new art form while working there with his half-brother. He would later use photography to record scenes that he incorporated into his painting.
喬瓦尼·塞甘蒂尼 Giovanni Segantini（1858年1月15日-1899年9月28日）是一位意大利畫家，以其阿爾卑斯山的大型田園風光而聞名。他是19世紀末歐洲最著名的藝術家之一，他的畫作被大型博物館收藏。在後來的生活中，他將分裂主義的繪畫風格與象徵主義的自然形象相結合。他在生命的最後階段活躍在瑞士。
Giovanni Battista Emanuele Maria Segatini [原文如此]出生於特倫蒂諾的Arco，後來成為奧匈帝國帝國蒂羅爾郡的一部分。後來他在“a”之後添加了另一個“n”來改變他的姓氏。他是Agostino Segatini（1802-1866）和Margherita de Giradi（1828-1865）的第二個孩子。他的哥哥Lodovico在Giovanni出生的那一年死於火災。在他生命的前七年，他的父親是一名商人，在尋找工作的同時進行了廣泛的旅行。除了1864年Agostino回到特倫蒂諾的六個月期間，Segantini早年與他的母親一起度過，由於Lodovico的死亡，她的母親經歷了嚴重的抑鬱症。由於母親無法應對，這些年的特點是貧困，飢餓和有限的教育。
在1865年春天，他的母親在過去七年中因健康狀況日益惡化而去世。他的父親在前一次婚姻中的第二個孩子艾琳的照顧下離開了喬萬尼，並再次前往尋找工作。一年後他去世了，沒有回家，也沒有留下他的家人。艾琳沒有父親的錢，生活在赤貧之中。她被迫花費大部分時間從事卑微的工作，同時讓Giovanni獨自生活。
艾琳希望通過搬到米蘭來改善她的生活，並在1865年末她提交了一份申請，要求她的哥哥和她都放棄奧地利公民身份。她或者誤解了這個過程，或者根本沒有足夠的時間來完成，雖然他們的奧地利公民身份被撤銷，但她卻沒有申請意大利公民身份。結果，Segantini和他的妹妹在他們的餘生中仍然無國籍。在他成名後，瑞士不止一次為他提供公民身份，但儘管遭遇了許多艱辛，但他拒絕承認意大利是他真正的家園。在他去世後，瑞士政府成功地授予他公民身份。
7歲時，塞甘蒂尼逃走了，後來發現他住在米蘭街頭。警察將他交給了Marchiondi Reformatory，在那裡他學會了基本的cobbling技能，但很少有其他技能。在他早年的大部分時間裡，他幾乎無法讀寫;他終於在30多歲時學會了這兩項技能。幸運的是，改革派的一位牧師注意到他可以畫得很好，他鼓勵這種天賦，試圖提升他的自尊心。
1873年，塞甘蒂尼的同父異母的兄弟拿破崙在改革中聲稱他，並且第二年Segantini與特倫蒂諾的拿破崙一起生活。拿破崙經營一家攝影工作室，Segantini在與他的同父異母兄弟一起工作的同時，學習了這種相對較新的藝術形式的基礎知識。他後來會用攝影來錄製他畫作中的場景。

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