A talk given by Dr. Joseph Scalice at a History Seminar at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) on 10 September 2020.

In 1963 Philippine President Diosdado Macapagal and Indonesian President Sukarno arrived at a brief alignment of political interests in joint opposition to the formation of the Federation of Malaysia, an alignment most clearly expressed in the negotiations around the Manila Summit and the creation of Maphilindo. The explosive Stonehill corruption scandal had caused Macapagal to have a sharp falling out with Washington. In his brief window of geopolitical independence he came increasingly to favor Sukarno's Konfrontasi, going so far as to provide support for the 1962 Brunei Revolt while seeking to secure control over Sabah. The relations between Manila and Jakarta were largely mediated by the immensely influential Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI) and the newly reborn Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas (PKP).

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