Four former National Security Council Advisors and one former member of the NSC Staff – Sandy Berger, Stephen Hadley, Colin Powell, Brent Scowcroft, and Meghan O’Sullivan– discuss the “interagency process” for CFR’s Model Diplomacy. Meghan O’Sullivan says that the interagency process is the ideal way for the best policy options to come to the president’s attention. In previous decades, says Stephen Hadley, it was easier to say that issues could be handled by one department such as defense or state, whereas today input from many actors is often required to solve a problem. The interagency process serves a coordination function to ensure that these players are all pulling in the same direction. Meetings initially take place well below the presidential level and are used to build consensus before an issue is presented to the president. “If we could agree on 80 percent,” says Sandy Berger, then “that was something the president didn't have to decide." Brent Scowcroft says that time is one of the president’s most valuable resources, and that the NSC staff cannot afford to undervalue or waste it. Stephen Hadley discusses how the Bush administration used the NSC Deputies and Principals Committees in its decision to pursue and implement the surge in Iraq.
Speakers: Sandy Berger, U.S. National Security Advisor 1997-2001 Stephen Hadley, U.S. National Security Advisor 2005-2009 Meghan O'Sullivan, U.S. Deputy National Security Advisor for Iraq and Afghanistan 2004-2007 Colin Powell, U.S. National Security Advisor 1987-1989 Brent Scowcroft, U.S. National Security Advisor 1975-1977 and 1989-1993
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