Welcome to this detailed video on the Chemical Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones, part of Class 12 Chemistry: Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids. This session explains the reactivity, mechanisms, and important reactions of aldehydes and ketones to help you prepare for board exams, viva, and competitive tests.
What’s Covered in This Video:
1. Introduction to Aldehydes and Ketones:
Structure, bonding, and polarity
General chemical properties
2. Key Chemical Reactions:
Nucleophilic Addition Reactions:
Reaction with hydrogen cyanide (HCN)
Reaction with sodium bisulfite (NaHSO₃)
Formation of hemiacetals and acetals
Reduction Reactions:
Reduction to primary and secondary alcohols using LiAlH₄ and NaBH₄
Clemmensen and Wolff–Kishner reductions
Oxidation Reactions:
Aldehydes to carboxylic acids using KMnO₄, CrO₃, or Tollens' reagent
Ketones' resistance to mild oxidation
Reaction with Grignard Reagents:
Formation of secondary and tertiary alcohols
Haloform Reaction:
Methyl ketones reacting with halogens in the presence of alkali
Cannizzaro Reaction:
Disproportionation of aldehydes without α-hydrogen
Aldol Condensation:
Reaction between aldehydes/ketones with α-hydrogens
Perkin Reaction:
Preparation of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids
Other Reactions:
Iodoform test for methyl ketones
Reaction with ammonia derivatives (e.g., hydrazine, phenylhydrazine)
3. Mechanisms Explained:
Detailed discussion of how and why these reactions occur
4. Exam and Viva Tips:
Important questions based on chemical properties
Commonly asked viva questions
Why Watch This Video?
Comprehensive coverage of aldehyde and ketone chemical properties
Step-by-step mechanisms for better understanding
Perfect for CBSE board exams, competitive exams, and viva preparation
Includes exam-focused tips and tricks
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