📜[Intro]
Pingyao, officially Pingyao Ancient City,s a settlement in central Shanxi, China, famed for its importance in Chinese economic history and for its well-preserved Ming and Qing urban planning and architecture. Administratively, it comprises the town of Gutao in Pingyao County, Jinzhong. It has a population of about 500,000.
The town is first recorded c. 800 BC and has been the seat of local government since at least the Qin. By the 16th century, it was a regional financial hub; some consider it to have been the financial centre of the Qing Empire in the late 19th century. It is a AAAAA-rated tourist attraction, and the settlement and the outlying Zhenguo Temple and Shuanglin Temple became a World Heritage Site in 1997.
The city walls of Pingyao were constructed in 1370,the 3rd year of the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming. They enclose an area of about 2.25 km2 (0.87 sq mi).The town is accessed by six barbican gates, one each on the north and south walls and two each on the east and west walls. This pattern is similar to that of a turtle (the head, tail and four legs), earning Pingyao the moniker "Turtle City." The walls measure about 12 m (39 ft) high, with a perimeter of 6,163 m (20,220 ft). A 4 m wide and 4 m (13 ft) deep moat can be found just outside the walls. Aside from the four structured towers at the four corners, there are also 72 watchtowers and more than 3,000 battlements. The number of defensive works supposedly represents the number of Confucius's disciples and other students.The walls are considered among the best-preserved ancient city walls on this scale.
🏺 [History]
There was already a settlement in place at Pingyao by the reign of the Xuan King (r. c. 827 – c. 782 BC), when the Zhou raised earthen ramparts around the site.
In the Spring and Autumn period, the county belonged to the kingdom of Jin. It was part of the kingdom of Zhao in the Warring States period. Under the Qin, it was known as Pingtao. During the Han Dynasty, it was known as the seat of Zhongdu County.
Pingyao served as the financial center of the region from the 16th century and of the entire Qing Empire during the late 19th century. During those times, there were more than 20 financial institutions within the city,comprising more than half of the total in the whole country. Rishengchang was the first and largest, controlling almost half of China's silver trade under the late Qing before going bankrupt in 1914 in the aftermath of the Xinhai Revolution.
Organized restorations have been undertaken periodically since the 15th century, the most recent phase beginning in 1979.In 1986, China designated Pingyao as one of the Chinese Historical and Cultural Cities. In 2004, part of the southern walls collapsed; they have since been reconstructed.In 2015, Pingyao ancient city became a national 5A-class tourist attraction.
Pingyao still retains its urban layout from the Ming and Qing dynasties,conforming to a typical ba gua pattern. More than 300 sites in or near the city have ancient ruins.The city has over a hundred streets and lanes, lined with close to 4,000 17th–19th century shops and residences.The streets and storefronts still largely retain their historical appearance.
🔻Chapters:
00:00 Intro
01:29 Ancient City Wall
17:19 Former Residence of Lei Lutai
23:07 Confucian Temple
40:43 City God Temple
52:31 Ancient Pingyao Government Office
01:08:02 The Market Building
01:10:18 The Old Sites Of Major Banks In Pingyao
01:36:50 Beida St(North St)
🗺️Map
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