A single fertilizer plan for successful wheat crop production cannot be suggested for all over Punjab. Soil conditions, climatic variability, nature and availability of irrigation water, sowing methods, varietal differences and so many other factors affect the nature and quantity of fertilizers. Unfit tube well water is a permanent source of adding salinity and increasing our soil pH level. Sandy loam soils of irrigated Thal area are low in natural fertility, mostly tubewll irrigated and wheat sown in such soil needs repeated/split application of different fertilizers for balanced growth and better production. If basal application of 75 kg DAP, 25 kg SOP has been applied in well drained and aerated soil. 50-75kg of zinc coated / Zabardast urea at 1 st should be applied.
It is seen that after the first irrigation in wheat crop, there is a sort of stress on wheat crop and growth of plants slows down for some period of time. This is caused by the flood irrigation in wheat crop. Technical reason of this negative impact is that when watering is done through flood irrigation method, water covers almost all the surface area of wheat field. This causes the expulsion of absorbed oxygen in the soil and there occurs a shortage of oxygen molecules in the soil of field that retards the growth and development of wheat plants and we feel a stress on the plants. This type of stress is more visible in the soils that do not absorb water quickly. It does not occur in bed planting.
First irrigation in wheat crop is the most important factor in wheat production technology and plays a critical and crucial role for better growth and development of plants. It is the stage when a boost of nutrients and fertilizers is most needed and most easily available to plants because soil becomes soft and airy during land preparation and it becomes a slightly hard and tough after this irrigation. So, it is important to manage better fertilizer options at first irrigation to make these fertilizers available properly for wheat crop. In this video, I have presented a video of two adjacent fields of wheat in which one is irrigated with proper quantity of water while other is more extra irrigated that might be harmful for plants and lower leaves of these plants may become yellow due to stress caused by extra watering in the field. Technically the reason for this stress is the expulsion of oxygen molecules from the soil by giving place to the molecules of water that are in excess. A suitable and normal quantity of water is easily absorbed in a well aerated land.
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