MAZ-537 is a 4-axle heavy-duty off-road truck tractor, which was produced primarily for the needs of the Soviet Army. The car was intended for the transportation of armored vehicles, heavy weapons, missile systems and other bulky cargo both on the road and on any off-road. In addition to being used in the army, the truck of this model was also used in the national economy of the USSR for off-road transportation of excavators, bulldozers, crawler cranes, heavy machinery, drilling equipment, and bulky cargo.
The design of this mighty truck has been carried out since 1956, in the Special Design Bureau No. 1 of the Minsk Automobile Plant.
The chief designer of the model was Boris Lvovich Shaposhnik.
The first MAZ 537 trucks were assembled at the end of 1958, and in March 1959, the model was launched into small-scale production. It continued in Minsk until 1964, after which the production of MAZ 537 series was transferred to the city of Kurgan.
When creating of the 537th model, the design bureau of Boris Shaposhnik was the first in the domestic mechanical engineering industry to develop and introduce into production an original hydromechanical transmission, a two-speed transfer case, and a bogie arrangement of axles (2 plus 2); made the wheels of two front axles controllable, applied 7 differentials, independent suspension of all wheels, pneumohydraulic brakes, centralized tire inflation; designed an original trough-type frame.
Trailers with a carrying capacity of 50 tons were originally created especially for heavy trucks of the MAZ 537 family.
Car frame - riveted-welded reinforced, trough-shaped, with channel section spars. Four front steerable wheels were suspended on an independent torsion bar suspension. In order to provide increased strength and load capacity, the rear balancer suspension was composed of two powerful lateral swinging arms, rigidly attached to the frame.
The brakes on all wheels of this truck are drum-type. The service brake system is equipped with a pneumohydraulic drive.
On the front of the frame is a four-seat in-line cab with two doors on the sides and a sunroof. On both sides of the engine compartment there are 5 narrow and high air intake hatches with opening vertical dampers.
Directly behind the cab there is an engine-transmission compartment, in which a twelve-cylinder D-12A-525A tank diesel engine is installed.
This diesel engine has an output of 525 horsepower at 2000 rpm and a specific diesel consumption of 176 g / hp h. The working volume is 38880 cm3.
The D-12A-525A engine has a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders, with a block break of 60 degrees.
The D-12A-525A engine is equipped with a pre-heater, a double starting system and circulating lubrication.
The transmission of this truck is hydromechanical, with a torque converter and a planetary three-speed gearbox.
The steering gear of the truck is equipped with hydraulic power steering. The two front axles are steered.
To increase cross-country ability, the inter-wheel differentials of the two front axles are designed as increased friction mechanisms, and the two rear axles are self-locking. Inter-axle differentials are lockable. All wheels have a non-disconnectable drive.
The total number of such trucks produced in Minsk and Kurgan is not known for certain, but it is estimated at 8-10 thousand copies.
Overall dimensions - length 8960 mm x width 2890 mm x height 2880 mm. Wheelbase - 6050 mm (1700 + 2650 + 1700 mm). Track width - 2200 mm. The ground clearance is 500 mm. The minimum turning radius of a single vehicle is 15.5 meters. The equipped weight of the truck is 21.6 tons. The total permissible weight is 47 tons. The total weight of the road train is 87 tons.
The maximum speed of a single car on the highway is 60 km / h, road trains - 55 km / h, on ordinary roads - 25-30 km / h. The control consumption of diesel fuel is 125 liters per 100 km of track.
The capacity of the fuel tanks is two tanks of 420 liters of diesel fuel. The power reserve is up to 650 km. Overcoming the ford - 1 meter without preparation, 1.3 m with preparation. Climbing ascents - 30º single car, 8º road train.
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