Dr. Kanika Sharma starts the video by throwing some light on cervical cancer and the role of radiation therapy. Cervical cancer is cancer that affects the mouth of the uterus. The cervix is the area through which the baby comes out of the woman’s womb. It’s one of the common cancers in rural India, and in the overall Indian scenario, it’s the second most common cancer which can happen to women.
Usually, the treatment depends on the stage of the tumor 4 stages. In stage 1, surgery or radiation can be offered to the patient, depending on the age and other biological parameters. Both have identical results during the first stage. After the 2nd stage, most prevalence is taken towards radiation because surgery can’t be performed at higher stages of cancer. In some cases, where surgery is performed at the 2nd stage, some patients will need radiation to prevent the tumor from developing again.
Dr. Kanika Sharma summarizes radiation is given either as a definite treatment in cervical cancer beyond stage 2B up to 4A and in early stages, 1B and 2A; in these cases, patients who have adverse features, radiation is an additional option.
Radiation is a long procedure. When you treat cervical cancer, radiation is either delivered as external radiation or as internal radiation. External radiation is performed for about 4-5 weeks; it’s done daily (Monday to Friday), debarring Saturdays and Sundays for the body to recover. If only radiation is used, once the radiation is complete, doctors perform internal radiation. In the cases of advanced cancer, chemotherapy is also given along with radiation. Chemotherapy given is called concurrent chemotherapy. It is usually a cisplatin-based drug that is offered weekly along with radiation.
She also explains external radiation in-depth and how to protect the areas or organs like bladder, rectum, intestines, and bones that can be harmed through these rays. Techniques employed to protect these organs are called IMRT. She further explains brachytherapy which is done in various manners as per the patient’s preference. She further says not all treatments are meant for everyone. Thus treatments are customized as per the patient’s requirements.
Dr. Kanika Sharma also informs how even after everything is done, there will still be some symptoms that they can encompass like nausea, vomiting, weakness, burning in the urine, diarrhoea. However, these symptoms are handled by doctors' medications and dietary and lifestyle modifications to avoid side effects.
Dr. Kanika Sharma, Clinical Head, and Senior Consultant Radiation Oncology at Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Delhi.
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