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People v. Anderson | 447 P.2d 942 (1968)

Modern statutes often distinguish between first- and second-degree murder, with first-degree murder being more serious and carrying a harsher punishment. In People versus Anderson, we explore the difference between the two offenses.

Robert Anderson lived with Mrs. Hammond and her three children, Cynthia, Kenneth, and Victoria. One morning, ten-year-old Victoria was left home alone with Anderson while her mother went to work. When Kenneth returned from school and Mrs. Hammond later returned from work, they each noticed blood in the house. Anderson provided conflicting explanations, causing suspicion. Kenneth subsequently discovered Victoria’s body in her bedroom.

When the police arrived, Anderson was alone in the house with the shades drawn and doors locked. Blood spatter, child-sized bloody footprints, and a trail of torn, blood-stained clothes suggested that Victoria had been pursued and wounded throughout the house. In total, she sustained over sixty knife wounds, some of a sexual nature, although there was no evidence of sexual conduct. The police found a bloody knife and Anderson’s blood-spattered shorts and socks in the house. Anderson was arrested and charged with murder.

At an initial trial, the jury found Anderson guilty of first-degree murder and imposed a death sentence. But that conviction was overturned for procedural error. At a second trial, the jury again convicted Anderson of first-degree murder and sentenced him to death. The imposition of a death sentence prompted an automatic appeal to the California Supreme Court.

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