On August 2, 1990, Iraq, under Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait, citing historical claims and economic reasons. This prompted a global response, with the UN imposing sanctions, and the U.S. and allies forming a Coalition to pressure Saddam into withdrawing. The Coalition began its offensive on January 17, 1991, with a massive air campaign targeting Iraqi infrastructure. Precision airstrikes devastated Saddam's war capabilities, but his forces remained resilient, preparing defensive positions across Kuwait. Although the Coalition liberated Kuwait, Saddam retained control over Iraq, suppressing internal uprisings and frustrating UN weapons inspections. Strategically, the Coalition’s victory altered the regional power balance but left Saddam’s regime intact.
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