The 2008 financial crisis brought to light several critical vulnerabilities in the U.S. financial system, especially the significant risks tied to banks being overleveraged and exposed to excessive amounts of real estate-related securities. These issues led to widespread economic turmoil, and though financial reforms were implemented afterward, significant dangers still linger. According to recent research by Cryptopolitan, the loss exposure of American banks in real estate-related securities has risen to approximately $750 billion in Q3 of 2024—a figure seven times higher than the amount banks held in 2008. The bulk of these potential losses is tied to portfolios known as Available for Sale (AFS) and Held to Maturity (HTM), both essential to bank profitability

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