DRDO’s Most secretive project
DRDO is silently working on couple of directed energy weapons project which we are going to discuss in great details. We have seen very less news regarding the same citing the confidentiality of the project. What we will be discussing will be based on the information available in public domain. Israel is the first county in this world to shoot down a flying drone from a plane armed with directed energy weapon and has demonstrated that capability recently. DRDO has also tested some of the key technologies required to fire high energy focused beam which we also call as a direct energy weapon. Presently DRDO has only tested it on small scale. However, the work is in progress to develop 10-kW and 20-kW Direct Energy Weapons.
Direct Energy Weapons
A directed-energy weapon (DEW) is designed to burn its target with highly focused energy, including laser, microwaves and particle beams. According to the US think tank, Lexington Institute, "Directed-energy weapons have several advantages over conventional munitions. First, they transmit lethal force at the speed of light (about 300,000 kilometers per second). Second, their beams are not affected by the constraining effects of gravity or atmospheric drag. Third, they are extremely precise. Fourth, their effects can be tailored by varying the type and intensity of energy delivered against targets." The Directed Energy Weapons (DEW) and Radio Frequency jammers are going to rule the next generations weapons for defending against UAVs, cruise and ballistic missiles. The DEWs rely on spark gap-based systems. Those who have done electrical or electronics engineering can relate to spark gap systems. Under this method two conducting electrodes are separated by a gap usually filled with a gas such as air, designed to allow an electric spark to travel between the conductors. Radio Frequency weapons works on the electronic components of missiles & radars – basically any device emitting or operating under radio frequency.
Directed Energy Laser Systems (DELS)
As per the latest report, DRDO is working on the development of 10kW proof-of-concept directed energy system to protect against small targets like UAVs. It is working on technologies of precision tracking/pointing and use of laser beams to neutralize the UAVs. Between January, 2018 and March, 2019, DRDO has silently conducted tests for detection and tracking of mini drone (hexacopter) with Battle Field surveillance Radar (BFSR) and cuing to 10 kW DELS. Testing of radar interfacing with 10 kW DES was carried out with 10 kW DES radar interface simulator and Air Defence Fire Control Radar (ADFCR) ‘Atulya’ at BEL, Bengaluru. Target acquisition, tracking and laser pointing of 10 kW Anti-UAV Laser Weapon (AULW) system were carried out on flying DRONEs at DRDO’s Hyderabad based lab up to the range of 0.7 km.
High Power Microwave (HPM) System
DRDO has also taken up a project to develop a High-Power Microwave(HPM) system of Radio Frequency whose power lies in the S-band of electromagnetic spectrum. The HPM will be able to neutralize and fry the electronics of the drones from a distance of 5 km. During June, 2018, trial the indigenous Marx generator was tested for up to 300 KV, 20 Hz and excellent performance was obtained. These generators are used to generate the High-power Microwaves. The military application for the compact HPM system is extensive given the potential threat posed by missiles. These systems can also be integrated with the land based mobile vehicles and larger transport aircrafts.
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