Golden Jararacuçu (Bothrops Jararacuçu), is a highly venomous pit viper species endemic to South America. Although an endangered species, it is one of the most dreaded snakes down here as it can grow up to 2.5 meters. The Jararacuçu venom is potent enough to kill sixteen people. Its fangs are 2,5 cm long injecting up to 4 ml of venom containing cytotoxins, hemotoxins, and mycotoxins, producing massive edema, hypertension, sweating, hypothermia, necrosis, shock, infection, spontaneous systemic hemorrhage, and ultimately renal failure - symptoms observed in patients bitten by specimens over 50 cm. Most deaths occur due to respiratory and circulatory failure (diaphragmatic paralysis) even when large doses of specific anti-venom are administered. The most efficacious antiserum is a mixture of Bothrops and Crotalus (rattlesnake). Its venom has been used for studies and the production of medicines, serums, and vaccines. Females are larger than males, which is commonly seen in most members of the Viperidae family. They are distinguished by their bright yellow color; males aren’t so exuberant. A female gives birth to between 13 and 37 offspring, that do not hatch from eggs. Its diet includes mammals, amphibians, lizards, and even other snakes. There are numerous medications based on snake venoms, for the management of coagulopathy and high blood pressure. Most notably, Captopril (Bothrops Jararaca) an analog of the snake venom's ACE-inhibiting peptide, first synthesized in 1975. It is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used for the treatment of hypertension and most types of congestive heart failure. It was the first oral ACE inhibitor found for the treatment of hypertension.
The use of homeopathic snake medicines is widespread. Pathogenetic proving (clinical confirmation) with ultra-high dilution (12–30–200CH) venom of Bothrops Jararacuçu has been performed in Brasil at the turn of the century. Subjects experienced difficulty breathing deeply, feeling of asphyxia, respiratory tiredness after exercises, a constant cough, and bloody expectoration. Constrictive pain and palpitations, transitory tachycardia accompanied by a hissing sound, palpitations, nausea, and quivers were concomitant with mind symptoms. A great number of symptoms accompanied, like dizziness, headaches, palpitations, coughs, pains in articulations, digestive, and kidney colic, as well as mental symptoms such as anxiety and irritability. Diseases of bacterial origin, such as tuberculosis and leprosy, and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (and also Covid), may be treated with homeopathic remedy derived from this viper venom.

Bibliography
Leinz, Frederico Fontoura et al. Sobrevivência de Bothrops jararacussu (Serpentes, Viperidae, Crotalinae) mantidas em cativeiro. Memórias do Instituto Butantan, v. 51, n. 1, p. 33-38, 1989.
Marques, O.; Sazima, I. Bothrops jararacussu (Jararacussu). Sexual Dichromatism. Herpetological Review, v. 34, p. 62, 2003.
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Gao WC, Ma X, Wang P, He XY, Zheng YT, Liu FL, Zheng CB. Captopril alleviates lung inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-infected hypertensive mice. Zool Res. 2021 Sep 18;42(5):633-636.
Chérifi F, Laraba-Djebari F. Bioactive Molecules Derived from Snake Venoms with Therapeutic Potential for the Treatment of Thrombo-Cardiovascular Disorders Associated with COVID-19. Protein J. 2021 Dec;40(6):799-841.
Pathogenetic trials (provings) - clinical confirmation with the proving of Bothrops jararacussu. Dr. Matheus Marim
Therapeutic possibilities of Bothrops jararaca in high dilution. Nazareth, Eduardo Costa Gaia; Freitas, Francisco José de. Int. j. high dilution res; 10(36): 215-217, September 30, 2011.

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