SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA — South Korean officials confirmed the country’s third case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, also known as MERS, on Thursday.

MERS, which has a fatality rate of 30 to 40 percent, has infected three people in South Korea after one man was diagnosed with the virus after a trip to Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and the UAE. The elderly man passed the disease on to his wife and another patient at the hospital. Sixty-four others, including family members and hospital workers, have been quarantined.

The MERS virus, a SARS-like respiratory virus, may have originated from bats. Both bats and camels are thought to be carriers of the MERS virus. Humans may pick up the virus by inhaling particles in the air, or via self-inoculation.

Once inside the body, MERS targets cells in the lungs. Enzyme receptors called DPP4, which are located in 20 percent of the lung’s epithelial cells, are thought to act as virus receptors. Once the enzyme receptors and the virus bind, MERS fuses with the host cell membrane and enters the cell. The virus has an incubation period of up to 14 days.

Bats, various primates and many domestic animals have the same enzymes in their lungs, which means that the virus could easily jump between different mammals.

MERS does not transmit easily between humans and there are uncertainties about how it’s transmitted between humans. There is no cure for the virus yet.

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