After the second world war, Dutch Empire want power back in Indonesia with regulatory rules before the second world war in which the Indonesian people should only work as blue-collar workers or slaves in their own country and would not get the opportunity employment, education and welfare similar to the Dutch. In addition, the natural resources in Indonesia is only controlled by Dutch Empire. While in Indonesia itself has proclaimed its independence after the second world war. Thus it comes Indonesian War of Independence. The Indonesian National Revolution or Indonesian War of Independence was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between Indonesia and the Dutch Empire. It took place between Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and Dutch Empire recognition of Indonesia's independence at the end of 1949. Until now, Dutch Empire only recognized the independence of Indonesia in 1949 (not in 1945) because Dutch Empire worried about war crimes in the past.

Indonesian independence movement actually had been started since 1908 and now it is commemorated as the Tahun Kebangkitan Bangsa (Year of National Awakening).

The struggle lasted for over four years and involved sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal upheavals. In diplomatic, Dutch forces were not able to prevail over the Indonesians because Dutch action in violation of Linggadjati and Renville agreement. Beside that, Dutch forces were not able to prevail in war tactics.

Although Dutch forces could control the towns and cities in Republican heartlands on Java and Sumatra, they could not control villages and the countryside. Thus, the Republic of Indonesia ultimately prevailed as much through international diplomacy as it did through Indonesian determination in the armed conflicts on Java and other islands.
The revolution destroyed the haughty and arrogant colonial administration of the Dutch East Indies and build a better civilization. It also significantly changed racial castes (Dutch in first class, Chines in second class and Pribumi (Indonesian people) in third class or slaves.

During 1945-1949, many innocent people were killed by Dutch troops. Although the Netherlands against the death penalty worldwide, but until now, Dutch troops who committed war crimes in Indonesia have not been brought to the International Court of Justice.

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