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OVERVIEW :
Webb often gets called the replacement for Hubble, but we prefer to call it a successor. its capabilities are not identical.
• Hubble launched on 24 Apr 1990
• James webb space telescope will be launched on
Oct. 31, 2021
WAVELENGTH :
A small portion of the infrared spectrum from 0.8 to 2.5 microns, but its primary capabilities are in the ultra-violet and visible parts of the spectrum from 0.1 to 0.8 microns.
Wavelength coverage from 0.6 to 28 micrometers (or "microns"; 1 micron is 1.0 x 10-6 meters), mainly infrared.
SIZE :
Hubble's mirror is a much smaller 2.4 meters in diameter and its corresponding collecting area is 4.5 m2, giving Webb around 6.25 times more collecting area.
Webb will have a 6.5 meter diameter primary mirror, which would give it a significantly larger collecting area than the mirrors available on the current generation of space telescopes.
ORBIT :
The Hubble Space Telescope orbits around the Earth at lower earth orbit at an altitude of ~570 km above it.
Webb will not actually orbit the Earth - instead it will sit at the Earth-Sun L2 Lagrange point, 1.5 million km away!
Hubble is in Earth orbit, it was able to be launched into space by the space shuttle.
Webb will be launched on an Ariane 5 rocket.
DISTANCE :
Hubble can see the equivalent of "toddler galaxies"
Webb Telescope will be able to see "baby galaxies". One reason Webb will be able to see the first galaxies is because it is an infrared telescope.
MAINTENANCE AND AGE:
Hubble turned 30 years old in 2020. Since the telescope's launch, five space shuttle missions have carried astronauts to Hubble to repair and upgrade it. The last mission was in 2009. The telescope will not be repaired or upgraded again.
No maintenance of JWST since its very far at L2 lagrange point.
INSTRUMENTS ONBOARD:
In Hubble:
The four active instruments have been ACS, COS, STIS and WFC3. NICMOS is kept in hibernation, but may be revived if WFC3 were to fail in the future.
• Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS; 2002–present)
• Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS; 2009–present)
• Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS; 1997–present (non-operative 2004–2009))
• Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3; 2009–present)
• Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS; 1997–present, hibernating since 2008)
• Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR; 1993–2009)
• Faint Object Camera (FOC; 1990–2002)
• Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS; 1990–1997)
• Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS; 1990–present)
• Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS/HRS; 1990–1997)
• High Speed Photometer (HSP; 1990–1993)
• Wide Field and Planetary Camera (WFPC; 1990–1993)
• Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2; 1993–2009)
In James Webb :
• Near-Infrared Camera, or NIRCam - provided by the University of Arizona
• Near-Infrared Spectrograph, or NIRSpec - provided by ESA, with components provided by NASA/GSFC.
• Mid-Infrared Instrument, or MIRI - provided by the European Consortium with the European Space Agency (ESA), and by the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
• Fine Guidance Sensor/Near InfraRed Imager and Slitless Spectrograph , or FGS/NIRISS- provided by the Canadian Space Agency.
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