Formerly referred to as the Qasr Prison (زندان قصر zendān-e qasr, "Mansion prison"), it was one of the oldest political prisons in Iran, which is now a museum complex surrounded by a public park.
Qasr was originally built in 1790 as a palace with extensive gardens of which nothing but the names remain, in the reign of Fath-ali Shah of the Qajar Dynasty. In 1929 it was repurposed as a prison, the first modern detention center in the country, in which prisoners had legal rights. Nikolai Markov, a Georgian architect who settled in Iran after the Russian Revolution, did the rebuild, combining urban industrial design with traditional Iranian features such as adobe bricks, which became known as Markovian bricks.
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