Garlic Mustard - Alliaria petiolata - Laukkarsi - Lauchkraut - Löktrav - Hvítlauksjurt - Litulaukka - Garlic Root - Hedge garlic - Jack-in-the-bush - Penny hedge - Poor man's mustard - Knoblauchsrauke - Česnáček lékařský - Laukurt - Laukjurt - Løkurt - Matgrönsak - Garlleg y berth - Кінський часник черешковий - Bađvvotlávki - Sarımsakotu - にんにくがらし - Чесночница черешковая - Αλλιάρια η φαρμακευτική - 葱芥 - Flixweed - Brassicaceae - Krossblómaætt - Hvít blóm, öll plantan angar af hvítlauk og er mjög góð í matargerð sem krydd og ilmgjafi. All parts of the plant, including the roots, give off a strong odor. In 17th century Britain, it was recommended as a flavoring for salt fish. It can also be made into a sauce for eating with roast lamb or salad. It is an herbaceous biennial plant growing from a deeply growing, thin, white taproot that is scented like horseradish. In the first year, plants appear as a rosette of green leaves close to the ground; these rosettes remain green through the winter and develop into mature flowering plants the following spring. A single plant can produce hundreds of seeds, which scatter as much as several meters from the parent plant. Grows readily from seed sown at any time of the year, it does however require a long period of chilling to break dormancy.
Laukkarsi (Alliaria officinalis); Lesa meira: [ Ссылка ]
In the first year of growth, plants form clumps of round shaped, slightly wrinkled leaves, that when crushed smell like garlic. The next year plants flower in spring, producing cross shaped white flowers in dense clusters. As the flowering stems bloom they elongate into a spike-like shape. When blooming is complete, plants produce upright fruits that release seeds in mid-summer. Plants are often found growing along the margins of hedges, giving rise to the old British folk name of Jack-by-the-hedge. Garlic mustard is one of the oldest discovered spices to be used in cooking in Europe. Evidence of its use has been found from archeological remains found in the Baltic, dating back to 4100-3750 B.C.E. The small white flowers have a rather unpleasant aroma which attracts midges and hoverflies, although the flowers usually pollinate themselves. In June the pale green caterpillar of the orange tip butterfly (Anthocharis cardamines) can be found feeding on the long green seed-pods from which it can hardly be distinguished. See more: [ Ссылка ]
Garlic mustard is most characteristic of hedgerows, woodlands and riverbanks where the soil is moist and fertile. Although found on a range of substrates it does avoid very acid soils. It requires a combination of moderate shade and occasional disturbance if it is not to be outcompeted by species that are more robust. A plant native to Britain, its population seems to have remained stable over the past forty years. Garlic mustard is famously the larval food plant of the Orange-tip butterfly particularly on damper more open sites such as riverbanks. Look out for the orange eggs laid just behind the flower. Less well known is its importance as the food plant for the caterpillars of green-veined whites. See more: [ Ссылка ]
