Pichavaram Mangrove Forest Details
The mangrove forest at Pichavaram is spread over 1,100 hectares and joins the Bay of Bengal, where it's separated by a lengthy sand bank.


Apparently, the forest has more than 50 islands of various sizes, and 4,400 big and small canals. Astonishing! The small canals are sun-flecked tunnels of roots and branches, some hanging so low that there's hardly any room to pass through. Except for the swish of paddles, sound of birds, and roar of the sea in the distance, all is silent and still.

Students and scientists from across India come to study the mangrove forest and its incredible biodiversity. Approximately 200 species of birds have been recorded, along with many varieties of seaweed, fish, prawns, crabs, oysters, turtles, and otters. There are around 20 different varieties of trees in the mangrove forest as well.

The trees grow in water that's 3-10 feet deep in different places. The conditions are quite hostile, as the sea's tides bring salt water in and out twice a day, changing the salinity. Hence, the trees have unique root systems, with membranes that only allow fresh water to enter.

They also have breathing roots that grow up from the water, with pores that can take in oxygen.

Unfortunately, the mangrove forest got damaged by the devastating 2004 cyclone that hit Tamil Nadu. However, if it wasn't for the forest acting as a buffer for the water, the destruction inland would've been severe.


The water from the tsunami has affected its growth, requiring protective measures to be put into place. Previously, villagers cut the tree roots to use for firewood. This has now been banned.

Note: Do note that the boatmen will demand a tip of a few hundred rupees for taking you deep inside the smaller, narrow canals. Motor boats can't go inside these canals, so make sure you take a row boat if you're interested seeing them. It's well worth it.

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