The job of the two kidneys of the human body is to filter the blood of waste products and put them into urine for excretion out of the body.

For a variety of different reasons the functioning of the kidneys can be compromised. This results in the levels of the waste products within the blood becoming higher.

If the drop in renal function is temporary then we call this an acute kidney injury or AKI for short (it can also be called acute renal failure).

If the drop in renal function is permanent then we call this chronic kidney disease or CKD (it can also be called chronic renal failure).

This short video briefly goes over the major textbook causes for both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease.

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