Train operations on Indian Railways are controlled and monitored by the Control Rooms in each of the divisional/area control offices. The Control Room is the nerve centre of the division. The fluidity of train movements over the jurisdiction of the division is dependent on the efficiency of the Control Room operations. The Control office, by its very nature never shuts down and works all hours of the day and every day of the week. The Control Office Application has changed the way the trains are monitored as train movements are captured near real time and movement of scheduled and unscheduled trains are planned and controlled through the computer aided interface. With the increase in usage of COA, it has become an important operational tool for making analysis and taking decisions which have shown both qualitative and quantitative deliverables in terms of improving operational efficiency.COA is a mission critical application which has been rolled out over 77 divisions/area controls of Indian Railways. COA has a distributed architecture. Various applications like National Train Enquiry System (NTES), Freight Operation Information System (FOIS) and Integrated Coach Management System (ICMS) have been integrated with Control Office Application (COA).

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