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The ancestors of gars, horseshoe crabs and coelacanths looked almost the same as their modern relatives. Darwin called species like these “living fossils'' because they seem like they are evolutionarily frozen in time. But Darwin was wrong.
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To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords:
- Stabilomorph: A species that retains a stable form over millions of years.
- Molecular Evolutionary Rate: The frequency with which DNA or protein sequences are fixed in a population.
- Ship of Theseus Paradox: A philosophical thought experiment that asks if an object is still the same if all of its original components are replaced over time.
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CREDITS
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David Goldenberg | Script Writer, Narrator and Director
Lizah van der Aart | Illustration, Video Editing and Animation
Nathaniel Schroeder | Music
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Lizah van der Aart • Sarah Berman • Cameron Duke
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REFERENCES
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Kin, A., & Błażejowski, B. (2014). The horseshoe crab of the genus Limulus: living fossil or stabilomorph?. PloS one, 9(9), e108036. [ Ссылка ]
Brownstein, C. D., et al. (2024). The genomic signatures of evolutionary stasis. Evolution; international journal of organic evolution, 78(5), 821–834. [ Ссылка ]
Amemiya, C. T., et al. (2013). The African coelacanth genome provides insights into tetrapod evolution. Nature, 496(7445), 311–316. [ Ссылка ]
Casane, D., & Laurenti, P. (2013). Why coelacanths are not 'living fossils': a review of molecular and morphological data. BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology, 35(4), 332–338. [ Ссылка ]
Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition. New York: Garland Science; 2002. How Genomes Evolve. Retrieved from: [ Ссылка ]
Dresow, M. (2023). Re-thinking Living Fossils, Again. ExtinctBlog. Retrieved from: [ Ссылка ]
Romeo, J. (2020). The Horseshoe Crab: Same As It Ever Was? `JSTOR. [ Ссылка ]
Black, R. (2014). Evolution in the slow lane. National Geographic. [ Ссылка ]
Shear, W, Werth, A. (2014). The Evolutionary Truth About Living Fossils. American Scientist. [ Ссылка ]
