"Evaluation of Motor Vehicle Fire Initiation and Propagation Part 2: Crash Tests on a Passenger Van. "

The 1996 Dodge Caravan Sport had a test mass of 1981 kg.
The impact velocity, measured with radar, was 105.7 km/h (65.6 mph)

The test vehicle was parked at a 25 degree (+/- 2 degrees) angle relative to the approach velocity vector of the moving barrier.

The mass of the deformable barrier was 1638 kg (3611 Ibs.). This mass is greater than what is used for FMVSS214 tests (1367 kg or 3015 lb.) in order to increase the test severity. The height of the center of the simulated bumper form was 470 mm (18.5 in.) above grade. This was set to match the approximate height of the bumper beam centerline on the test vehicle which was 457 mm (18 in.) above grade.

A fire was observed on the vehicle at the crash test facility approximately five minutes after impact. The fire was first observed as blistering paint on the upper radiator tie bar near the front of the deformed battery. Approximately 30 seconds later, flames were then observed near the battery and the fire was allowed to propagate to verify that it was a self-propagating flame front.

After analyzing the recorded information and disassembling the battery, it was determined that the fire was electrical in nature, caused by a series of electrical events during the crash and consumed only solid components. None of the fluid systems (including gasoline) contributed to the ignition or propagation of the fire.

Similarly, none of the normally hot surfaces, such as the exhaust manifolds or catalytic converter contributed to the fire.

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