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Campo Grande is a Brazilian municipality in the Midwest region , capital of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul . Historic stronghold of divisionists between the south and the north, Campo Grande was founded by miners, who came to take advantage of the native pasture fields and the crystalline waters of the cerrado region. The city was planned in the midst of a vast green area, with wide streets and avenues and with several gardens between its streets, it is one of the most wooded cities in Brazil [ 10 ] and 96.3% of the houses have shade. of a grove.
The city was founded on June 21, 1872, when José Antônio Pereira arrived and settled in fertile and completely uninhabited lands in the Serra de Maracaju, at the confluence of two streams - later called Prosa and Segredo - and which is currently the Horto Florestal. . On August 14, 1875, Pereira finally returned with his family (wife and eight children), slaves, and others (a total of 62 people) and left João Nepomuceno in charge of his ranch. [ 11 ] It still has a strong relationship with indigenous culture and its historical roots. Because of the color of its land (purple or red), it was nicknamed Cidade Morena .. The city is located in a plateau region, where it is possible to see the limits of the horizon line in the background of any landscape. The city has a population of about 910 thousand inhabitants (or 31.77% of the state total) and about 104 inhab/km², being the third largest and most developed urban center in the Center-West Region of Brazil and the 19th most population of Brazil , according to an estimate by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), base date July 1, 2020.
Among its residents it is possible to find descendants of Spaniards, Italians, Portuguese, Japanese, Syrian-Lebanese, Armenians, Paraguayans and Bolivians. The quality of life in Campo Grande ended up attracting many people from other Brazilian states, especially from neighbouring states ( São Paulo , Paraná and Minas Gerais ) and Rio Grande do Sul . According to a survey carried out in 2006 by Exame magazine , Campo Grande is the 28th best city in the country in terms of infrastructure, [ 12 ]decisive factor in attracting investment. The city also ranked 107th among Brazilian municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants in deaths from aggression (homicides) and in violent deaths from undetermined causes (MVCI), where it recorded 200 murders in the study (23.4 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants). ), according to a study by the Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA) [ 13 ]
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Campo Grande (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈkɐ̃pu ˈɡɾɐ̃dʒi],[a] lit. '"Great Field"') is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul in the Center-West region of the country. The city is nicknamed Cidade Morena ("Swarthy City" in Portuguese) because of the reddish-brown colour of the region's soil. It has a population of 906,092, according to a 2020 IBGE estimate,[2] while its metropolitan area is home to 991,420 people (2010).
The region where the city is located was in the past a waypoint for travellers who wanted to go from São Paulo or Minas Gerais to northern Mato Grosso by land. In the early 1900s a railway was completed connecting Campo Grande to Corumbá, on the Bolivian border, and to Bauru, São Paulo. Also in the beginning of the 20th century, the Western Brazilian Army Headquarters was established in Campo Grande, making it an important military center.
With a population growth from 140,000 people in 1970 to 750,000 people in 2008, Campo Grande is the third largest urban center of the Center-West region, and the 23rd largest city in the country. In 1977, the State of Mato Grosso was split into two, and Campo Grande became the capital of the new state of Mato Grosso do Sul, comprising the southern portion of the former state. By that time, Campo Grande had long surpassed the latter's capital city of Cuiabá in population, which is unusual in Brazil, where most capitals are also the states' largest cities.
Today, the city has its own culture, which is a mixture of several ethnic groups, most notably immigrants from the Japanese prefecture of Okinawa,[3] Middle Easterners,[4] Armenians,[5] Portuguese people, Germans, Italians, Spaniards, and Paraguayans,[6] finally mixed with Asian and White Brazilians from the Brazilian Southern and Southeast regions, its native Amerindian peoples and Afro-Brazilians.
