PHYSICS-C XII: SOLID STATE PHYSICS
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory: 40 Classes (1hr duration)
Unit-I
Crystal Structure: Solids: Amorphous and Crystalline Materials. Lattice Translation Vectors.
Lattice with a Basis – Central and Non-Central Elements. Unit Cell. Miller Indices. Types of
Lattices, Reciprocal Lattice. Brillouin Zones. Diffraction of X-rays by Crystals. Bragg’s Law.
Atomic and Geometrical Factor.
Elementary Lattice Dynamics: Lattice Vibrations and Phonons: Linear Monoatomic and
Diatomic Chains. Acoustical and Optical Phonons. Qualitative Description of the Phonon
Spectrum in Solids. Dulong and Petit’s Law, Einstein and Debye theories of specific heat of
solids. T3
law (6 Lectures)
Unit-II
Magnetic Properties of Matter: Dia-, Para-, Ferri- and Ferromagnetic Materials. Classical
Langevin Theory of dia–and Paramagnetic Domains. Curie’s law, Weiss’s Theory of
Ferromagnetism and Ferromagnetic Domains. Discussion of B-H Curve. Hysteresis and Energy
Loss. (6 Lectures)
Dielectric Properties of Materials: Polarization. Local Electric Field at an Atom.
Depolarization Field. Electric Susceptibility. Polarizability. Clausius Mosotti Equation. Classical
Theory of Electric Polarizability. (4 Lectures)
Lasers: Einstein’s A and B coefficients. Metastable states. Spontaneous and Stimulated
emissions. Optical Pumping and Population Inversion. Three-Level and Four-Level Lasers. Ruby
Laser and He-Ne Laser. (4 Lectures)
Unit-III
Elementary band theory: Kronig Penny model. Band Gap. Conductor, Semiconductor (P and N
type) and insulator. Conductivity of Semiconductor, mobility, Hall Effect. Measurement of
conductivity (04 probe method) & Hall coefficient. (8 Lectures)
Superconductivity: Experimental Results. Critical Temperature. Critical magnetic field.
Meissner effect. Type I and type II Superconductors, London’s Equation and Penetration Depth.
Isotope effect. Idea of BCS theory (No derivation)
