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WHAT IS ASPIRIN-EXACERBATED RESPIRATORY DISEASE (AERD)?
Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD), also known as “Santer’s triad”, is a clinical tetrad of nasal polyps, asthma, chronic hypertrophic eosinophilic sinusitis, and sensitivity, to any medication that inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 [COX-1] enzymes, namely aspirin and other nonsteroids and inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]. This condition usually occurs as a respiratory reaction that springs up upon ingesting or inhaling an NSAID. However, the exact cause of the reaction is not known. About 9% of all adults suffering from asthma and 30% of patients with both asthma and nasal polyps have AERD. Generally, AERD develops quite suddenly in adulthood, mostly between 20 and 30 years of age, without any clearly understood trigger that can be said to be the cause of the disease.
RISK FACTORS :
AERD is a respiratory disorder. Approximately 40% of patients with asthma, nasal polyps, or chronic sinus infection will have AERD. People with AERD always develop nasal polyps and in most cases suffer from persistent asthma. Another peculiar aspect of this condition is a sensitivity to any medication that inhibits the cyclooxygenase-1 enzyme. Aspirin and other nonsteroids and inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) pose serious risks to patients with AERD. The Center For Disease Control (CDC) projects that about 1 in 12 people (approximately 25 million) have asthma, and the numbers are going up every year. Studies conducted show an estimate of 5% to 10% of asthmatics (1.25 to 2.5 million people) are AERD patients. Therefore, be on the safe side by quitting smoking. Smokers are at a high risk of aspirin-induced asthma triad. Try your best to avoid exposure to second-hand smoke.
COMPLICATIONS:
Sensitivity to aspirin and NSAIDs may include serious side effects, including:
Kidney failure
Liver failure
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Stomach ulcer
Abnormal constant ringing in the ears
Constipation
Loss of appetite.
Asthma can be minor or sometimes interfere with daily activities. In most cases, it can lead to a life-claiming attack. Frequent respiratory infections can breed serious complications. DIAGNOSIS Blood tests cannot reveal the existence of AERD. To diagnose for AERD, your doctor can check for Santer’s triad, which includes:
Asthma.
Nasal polyps.
Respiratory reaction when you take aspirin or NSAIDs.
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