Blood In Urine (Hematuria) - Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention
What is Hematuria?
Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine, that is either visible to the naked eye or it could be non-visible which is confirmed by urine dipstick or urine microscopy. It is not a normal finding and it is not something you should ignore. It can be a sign of a serious medical condition and that’s why you should talk to your doctor as soon as possible.
What are the types of hematuria?
Hematuria is categorized into two types: gross hematuria, where blood is visibly noticeable in the urine, and microscopic hematuria, where blood is only detectable under a microscope.
What are the common causes of hematuria?
Hematuria can result from various causes, including urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney stones, bladder or kidney infections, strenuous exercise, trauma, medications, certain medical conditions like kidney disease, and even certain cancers.
Is hematuria always a sign of a serious condition?
Not always, but it should never be ignored. While some cases might be caused by benign factors like urinary tract infections, hematuria could also be indicative of more serious issues like kidney stones, bladder or kidney cancer, and more. It's crucial to consult a healthcare provider to determine the cause.
How is hematuria diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, a review of medical history, urine tests (urinalysis), imaging tests like ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, and sometimes cystoscopy, a procedure to visually inspect the bladder and urethra.
Can medications cause hematuria?
Yes, certain medications like blood thinners, antiplatelet drugs, and some antibiotics might contribute to hematuria. It's important to inform your doctor about any medications you're taking.
Can exercise cause hematuria?
Yes, intense physical activity like running or high-impact exercises can cause hematuria due to trauma to the bladder. However, persistent or recurrent hematuria after exercise should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
Is hematuria more common in men or women?
Hematuria can affect both men and women, but the underlying causes may differ between the sexes. In men, it's often associated with conditions like prostate issues, while in women, it might be related to UTIs or menstrual factors.
What are some signs that require immediate medical attention with hematuria?
Seek immediate medical help if you experience severe pain, large blood clots in the urine, difficulty urinating, or if the hematuria is accompanied by other concerning symptoms like fever, fatigue, weight loss, or persistent lower back pain.
How is hematuria treated?
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. It could range from antibiotics for infections to surgery for kidney stones or tumors. It's essential to follow your doctor's recommendations for appropriate management.
Can hematuria be prevented?
Preventing hematuria involves maintaining good urinary tract health, staying hydrated, practicing safe hygiene, and promptly treating infections. If you have a history of kidney stones or other urinary issues, following your doctor's advice can help prevent recurrence.
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