Shah Jahan (1592–1666) was the fifth Mughal emperor, ruling from 1628 to 1658. Born as Prince Khurram, he was the son of Emperor Jahangir and Empress Mariam-uz-Zamani. He is best known for his architectural achievements, particularly the Taj Mahal, a mausoleum built in memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal. During his reign, the Mughal Empire reached its peak in terms of territory, wealth, and cultural achievements. He expanded the empire through military campaigns in the Deccan and beyond,. His legacy is forever tied to the Taj Mahal, symbolizing his enduring love and the architectural grandeur of the Mughal era.

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