Leonard Bernstein gives an introduction to Mozart's G Minor Symphony before performing the first movement with the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

Glossary of Musical Terms
Diatonic Scale - white-note scale
Chromatic Scale - white and black-note scale
tonic - first note of a scale
dominant - fifth note of a scale (i.e. a "fifth")
fundamental tone - another name for the tonic
overtone - the important thing to know about an overtone is that it usually harmonizes with the fundamental tone due to some rules governing the frequency of sound waves

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