In this video, we will learn about protozoan animals belonging to the genus Paramecium.
Paramecium is a genus of unicellular (single-celled) ciliated protozoa.
On the body surface, they possess thousands of cilia, a characteristic of Paramecium.
It is a common freshwater, marine, and brackish water organism and is often very abundant in stagnant water bodies.
In laboratories, teachers and students have widely used it to study biological processes because some species are easy to cultivate and can be easily induced to conjugate and divide.
The name "Paramecium," in Greek - paramēkēs, meaning "oblong," was coined in 1752 by the English microscopist John Hill.
Further, we will look into the scientific classification and examples of Paramecium.
Paramecium also belongs to the domain Eukaryota because a nucleus is present in the cell body.
Further in classification, it belongs to
Domain- Eukaryota
Kingdom- Protista
Phylum- Ciliophora
Class- Oligohymenophorea
Order- Peniculida
Family- Parameciidae, because members of this family have distinguished anterior and posterior parts and are bounded by a rigid but elastic pellicle.
Genus- Paramecium
There are four common species of Paramecium:
Paramecium caudatum
Paramecium aurelia
Paramecium trichium
Paramecium woodruffi
Now we will see the distinctive features of Paramecium
Species of Paramecium vary in size from 50 to 330 micrometers in length.
The body is typically ovoid, elongated, and foot-shaped.
The body's or cell's cytoplasm is enclosed in a pellicle. The pellicle consists of an outer plasma membrane, inner epiplasm, and alveoli layer.
The pellicle is elastic and gives the body its definite but changeable shape.
Cilia originate from the depressions in the pellicle and cover the whole cell surface. The function of cilia is for locomotion and also to take nutrient-rich water inside the gullet.
Protoplasm is granular and divided into outer ectoplasm and inner endoplasm.
Trichocysts acts as defensive organ and are present in the ectoplasm.
Paramecia contain one or 2 micronuclei and 1 macronucleus.
Micronuclei have diploid (2n) chromosomes and take part in reproduction.
Macronuclei take part in the regulation of critical metabolic activities and growth.
The macronucleus has multiple copies of the genetic material, i.e., polyploid
Contractile vacuoles perform osmoregulation and expel the additional absorbed water.
Coordinated movement of cilia helps Paramecium to engulf food, and then the food vacuoles digest it.
Undigested food is discarded through the anal pore. The anal pore is present on the ventral body surface in the posterior half recognized as cytoproct or cytopyge.
The most common and well-known species of the genera paramecium is Paramecium caudatum.
In the following video, we will learn about the Museum Study of the Protozoan unicellular animal, Plasmodium.
0:00 Introduction to Paramecium and general characters of Paramecium
0:59 Scientific classification of Paramecium
1:52 Characters of Paramecium
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