Thanks to @user-yl3pj3kg5g for this tip!
Apparently the 2 piece Taranis armor set perk procs off hitting objects as well as live targets. So using an Incendiary Powder Trap (also works with a Poisonous Powder Trap, and probably preferable since it wont set anything nearby on fire, such as oil jars) can set off the lightning AOE effect when punching it while wearing the Taranis armor set. The lightning AOE will break the barred door.
This glitch should continue to work since there will be no more patches for this game.
