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Major Challenges
Dependence on Monsoon : More than 60% of farming in India is rain fed and any delay in monsoon arrival or inadequate rains severely affects agricultural productivity. It also leads to price, income and employment fluctuations.
Ever-increasing global temperature has made agriculture more prone to extreme weather events.
Land Ownership : Increasing demographic pressure, disguised employment in agriculture and conversion of agricultural land for alternative uses, have drastically reduced the average land holding. Few big farmers own large parcels of land, whereas majority of farmers have small tracts of land.
Peasants cannot generate sufficient marketable surplus. So they are not only poor but are often in debt.

Cropping pattern : Areas which are not suitable for certain crops experience cultivation of such crops because of technology , irrigational facilities etc. This has badly affected the soil health leading to problems like soil salinity, waterlogging etc.
Sub-Division and Fragmentation of Hold­ing: 86% of the farmers in our country are small and marginal farmers. This Indicates fragmentation of landholdings at unsustainable and uneconomic level.
Due to the growth of population and break­down of the joint family system, there has occurred continuous sub-division of agricultural land into smaller and smaller plots. Migration has also led to fragmentation of land holding.



Agricultural Marketing : Due to the small size and scattered nature of agricultural holdings, the productivity per acre is low. Consequently, the collection of these sur­pluses for the purpose of marketing presents a seri­ous problem as bargaining power of the farmer is little or negligible with less surplus.
Many farmers are uneducated and are not aware about usage of ICT tools and rely on middleman.
Agricultural Credit: Access to credit is key to enhance agricultural productivity. There is lack of easy access to credit and farmer`s rely on informal sources like moneylenders etc.
Banks are less reluctance to extend credit due to default on account of crop failure.

Chapters:
0:00 Major Challenges in Agriculture Sector
0:09 Major Challenges
0:28 Dependence on Monsoon
2:07 Land Ownership
3:46 Cropping Pattern
4:46 Sub-Division and Fragmentation of Holding
6:13 Agricultural Marketing
7:08 Agricultural Credit
8:21 Lack of Mechanisation
9:56 Supply Chain Problems
11:04 Questions
#majorchallengesinagriculturesector #dependenceonmonsoon #landownership #croppingpattern #sub-division #fragmentationofholding #agriculturalmarketing #agriculturalcredit #lackofmechanisation #supplychainproblems #testprep #ugcnet #doorsteptutor #examrace

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