Exploring Luray Cavern USA | US Natural Landmark | Things you need to know before Travelling

Luray Caverns, originally called Luray Cave, is a cave just west of Luray, Virginia, United States, which has drawn many visitors since its discovery in 1878.
The cavern system is generously adorned with speleothems such as columns, mud flows, stalactites, stalagmites, flowstone, and mirrored pools.
The caverns are perhaps best known for the Great Stalacpipe Organ, a lithophone made from solenoid-fired strikers that tap stalactites of various sizes to produce tones similar to those of xylophones, tuning forks, or bells
Luray Caverns was discovered on August 13, 1878, by five local men, including Andrew J.Campbell (a local tinsmith), William Campbell, John “Quint” Campbell, and local photographer Benton Stebbins
The caverns are situated in the Shenandoah Valley, just to the west of the Blue Ridge of the Appalachian Mountains in Luray, Virginia.
The valley extends northeast to southwest along the northwest side of the Blue Ridge.
Cave Hill, 927 feet (283 m) above sea level, had long been an object of local interest on account of its pits and oval hollows or sinkholes (known as karst) through one of which the discoverers of Luray Caverns entered.

Speleothem formation
As with other limestone or "solution" caves, formations at Luray Caverns result from a solution of calcium carbonate giving up some of its carbon dioxide, thus allowing a precipitation of lime to form.
This precipitation begins as a thin deposit ring of crystallized calcite, but continues to collect, creating stalactites and other types of dripstone and flowstone.
Formations at Luray Caverns are white in color if the calcium carbonate is in its pure form.
Other colors reflect impurities in the calcite resulting from elements absorbed from the soil or rock layers
Reds and yellows due to iron and iron-stained clays; black from manganese dioxide; blues and greens from solutions of copper compounds.
Luray Caverns remains an active cave where new formation deposits accumulate at the rate of about one cubic inch (16 cm3) every 120 years.
After the water had been mostly removed by a lowering in the water table, these eroded forms remained and growth began to take hold via stalactites, stalagmites, columns, etc
The cavern is yellow, brown or red because of water, chemicals and minerals.
The new stalactites growing from the old, and made of hard carbonates that had already once been used, are usually white as snow though often pink or amber-colored.
There is a spring of water called Dream Lake that has an almost mirror-like appearance.
Stalactites are reflected in the water making them appear to be stalagmites.
This illusion is often so convincing that people are unable to see the real bottom.
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It looks quite deep, as the stalactites are higher above the water.
but at its deepest point the water is only around 20 inches (510 mm) deep.
The lake is connected to a spring that continues deeper into the caverns
The Wishing Well is a green pond with coins three feet (0.91 m) deep at the bottom.
Like Dream Lake, the well also gives an illusion, however it is reversed.
The pond looks three to four feet (0.91 to 1.22 m) deep but at its deepest point it is actually six to seven feet (1.8 to 2.1 m) deep.

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