Apple says - " Batteries of iPhone 14 models and earlier are designed to retain 80 per cent of their original capacity at 500 complete charge cycles under ideal conditions.* Batteries of iPhone 15 models are designed to retain 80 per cent of their original capacity at 1000 complete charge cycles under ideal conditions.*" (references below)
Actually, most phone Li-ion batteries have around 300 to 500 full charge cycles at full capacity. After that, the capacity starts to degrade, but the battery can still last for 5000+ cycles with reduced capacity. Does your phone's battery backup stay the same after a year? Probably not. Many phones don't monitor battery health, so users won’t notice the gradual drop. Some phones like Iphone, however, provide a battery health % feature.
Fact: Fully charging to 100% (4.2V) and discharging to low levels puts more stress on the battery, reducing its cycle life. Charging only to 80% (3.9V) reduces stress, significantly increasing the number of cycles.
Trade-offs:
Full charge (100%): Maximum battery backup but shorter cycle life.
Partial charge (80%): Longer cycle life but reduced backup time.
This method is often used in electric vehicles and devices where battery longevity is more important than immediate capacity."
References:
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