Introduction to Cognitive Science (COGSCI 1B)
Lecture 15: Brain-Computer Interfaces
Introduction (0:00)
Types of signals used in BCIs (1:20)
An example of using EEG during an auditory entrainment task (2:18)
The axial-spatial hierarchy (4:10)
Auditory brainstem responses, middle latency responses, and late event-related potentials (6:12)
Amplitude, frequency, latency, period, and polarity (10:25)
Overview of the frequency signal bands in the EEG signal (11:55)
The delta band (16:00)
The theta band (16:36)
The alpha band (17:14)
The beta band (17:35)
The gamma band (18:23)
Event-related synchronization (ERS) and event-related desynchronization (ERD) (20:47)
An example of an event-related potential (ERP): The P300 (23:28)
Slow cortical potential (SCP) (29:08)
Tradeoffs regarding invasive and non-invasive BCI techniques (30:26)
Invasive techniques for BCIs (33:33)
Non-invasive techniques for BCIs (38:12)
Results from research using BCIs (40:53)
Processing steps involved in converting raw signals into device actions (42:34)
The importance of training for proper functioning of BCIs (44:07)
Results showing brain plasticity as a result of BCI training (57:20)
Factors that impact training with BCIs (1:03:28)
Conclusion (1:09:03)
References
Daly, J. J. & Wolpaw, J. R. (2008). Brain-computer interfaces in neurological rehabilitation. The Lancet: Neurology, 7, 1032-1043. [ Ссылка ]70223-0
Levine, S. P., Huggins, J. E., BeMent, S. L., Kushwaha, R. K., Schuh, L. A., Rohde, M. M., Passaro, E. A., Ross, D. A., Elisevich, K. V. & Smith, B. J. (2000). A direct brain interface based on event-related potentials. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering, 8, 180-185. [ Ссылка ]
Miranda, R. A., Casebeer, W. D., Hein, A. M., Judy, J. W., Krotkov, E. P., Laabs, T. L., Manzo, J. E., Pankratz, K. G., Pratt, G. A., Sanchez, J. C., Weber, D. J., Wheeler, T. L. & Ling, G. S. F. (2015). DARPA-funded efforts in the development of novel brain-computer interface technologies. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 244, 52-67. [ Ссылка ]
Nierhaus, T., Vidaurre, C., Sannelli, C., Mueller, K. R. & Villringer, A. (2021). Immediate brain plasticity after one hour of brain-computer interface (BCI). The Journal of Physiology, 599, 2435-2451. [ Ссылка ]
Vansteensel, M. J., Pels, E. G. M., Bleichner, M. G., Branco, M. P., Denison, T., Freudenburg, Z. V., Gosselaar, P., Leinders, S., Ottens, T. H., Van Den Boom, M. A., Van Rijen, P. C., Aarnoutse, E. J. & Ramsey, N. F. (2016). Fully implanted brain-computer interface in a locked-in patient with ALS. The New England Journal of Medicine, 375, 2060-2066. [ Ссылка ]
Much thanks to Alecia Barnes and Michelle Wolf at DSP Berkeley for providing professionally captioned media for the lectures in this course.
