Bar chart data visualization of the countries by literacy rate 1980 - 2022.

Chad has the most illiterate population in the world, just 22.3% can read and write. The literacy rate of the elderly, 65+ is even more alarming at 0.6%.

Guinea is the second least literate country in the world with three quarters of the population being unable to read or write.The Primary school attendance is 40%. Particularly girls, are kept at home to assist their parents with domestic work or agriculture.

Between 3,500 BC and 3,000 BC, the ancient Sumerians invented writing. Script is thought to have developed independently at least five times in human history Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus civilization, lowland Mesoamerica, and China. Egyptian hieroglyphs emerged from 3300 to 3100 BCE. The Egyptian hieroglyphic writing system was the first notation system to have phonetic values.

Though literacy on a national or global scale has not always been historically significant, today we recognize literacy as a basic human right and organizations all over the world are pushing towards increasing the literacy rate of all countries worldwide. Being able to read and write not only empowers a person but also opens a whole new world of opportunities that is required in order to abolish poverty, and eliminate hunger, and see any progress in the human species overall.

According to the Unesco Institute for Statistics in 2013, 52% of the 774 million illiterate people who are 15 years and older are based in West and South Asia. Today, sub-Saharan Africa is the region with lowest literacy rates in the world. Sub-Saharan Africa has literacy rate of only 64%. Afghanistan is the only non-African country among the top of most illiterate nations in the world.

Many of the countries who have been reported as having very low literacy rates are also among the poorest in the world. The alarmingly high illiteracy rate among women from India, Pakistan and Nigeria is attributed to the social inequality that they are experiencing. Recent developments however are changing this norm as families are beginning to accept that education is vital for the future wellbeing of not only their economic lives but also their freedom.


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