Medical students have learned the initial resuscitation, hematemesis management, history and physical examination in sqadia.com lecture of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding – I. In this V-Learning™ on Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding – II, medical students will learn about the differential diagnosis of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding by highlighting a variety of diseases. Alongside, their general treatment principles are also discussed.

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Lecture Duration: 00:42:52
Released: December 2019

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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is an important medical problem for patients and the medical system. The causes of upper GI bleeding are varied, and their accurate identification guides appropriate management. Differential diagnosis of upper GI bleeding explains a range of diseases including aortoenteric fistula, Gastritis and esophagitis which is one of the Esophageal Disorders, mallory-weiss tear, varices – esophageal or gastric, duodenal ulcer, and gastric ulcer.

The symptoms, signs, and work-up of all these diseases is discussed in detail for medical students and physicians to treat their patients more effectively.

Lower GI bleeds can be categorized further into three types: massive, moderate, and occult bleeding. Massive bleeding usually occurs in patients older than 65 years. Moderate bleeding can occur at any age and presents as hematochezia or melena. likewise, occult lower GI bleeds can present in patients at any age.

For the management of GI bleeding, it is important to begin with differential diagnosis. The differential diagnosis of lower GI bleeding provides information about the anal fissure, angiodysplasia, diverticulosis, hemorrhoids, Acute Infectious Diarrhea, and inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

After diagnosing the cause, the general treatment principles of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and lower gastrointestinal bleeding are discussed for medical students. These include the use of antibiotics, Histamine blockers and Proton Pump inhibitors, angiography, tagged Red Blood Cell imaging, and Surgery respectively.
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