Title: Navigating AI in Medicine: Opportunities and Risks of Large Language Models in Real-World Tasks

Presenter: Zhiyong Lu, Senior Investigator, NIH/NLM

Abstract: The explosion of biomedical big data and information in the past decade or so has created new opportunities for discoveries to improve the treatment and prevention of human diseases. As such, the field of medicine is undergoing a paradigm shift driven by AI-powered analytical solutions. This talk explores the benefits and risks of AI and ChatGPT, highlighting their pivotal roles in revolutionizing biomedical discovery, patient care, diagnosis, treatment, and medical research. By demonstrating their uses in some real-world applications such as improving PubMed searches (Best Match, Nature Biotechnology 2018), supporting precision medicine (LitVar, Nature Genetics 2023), and accelerating patient trial matching (TrialGPT, Nature Communications 2024), we underscore the necessities and challenges of implementing and evaluating AI and ChatGPT in enhancing clinical decision-making, personalizing patient experiences, and accelerating knowledge discovery. 

Bio: Dr. Zhiyong Lu is a tenured Senior Investigator at the NIH/NLM IPR, leading research in biomedical text and image processing, information retrieval, and AI/machine learning. In his role as Deputy Director for Literature Search at NCBI, Dr. Lu oversees the overall R&D efforts to improve literature search and information access in resources like PubMed and LitCovid, which are used by millions worldwide each day. Additionally, Dr. Lu is Adjunct Professor of Computer Science at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). With over 400 peer-reviewed publications, Dr. Lu is a highly cited author, and a Fellow of the American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI) and the International Academy of Health Sciences Informatics (IAHSI).

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