Enantiomers
Are a type of stereoisomer that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
Have the same molecular formula and the same bond connectivity, but they differ in their three-dimensional orientation
Have identical physical and chemical properties except for their interaction with plane-polarized light.
Enantiomers rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions and are therefore referred to as optical isomers.
 For example, the enantiomers of limonene have the same chemical formula and molecular weight but rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions
Diastereomers
Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other.
They have different physical and chemical properties, unlike enantiomers.
Diastereomers have multiple chiral centers or double bonds, which can lead to different stereochemical arrangements.
For example, cis- and trans-2-butene are diastereomers because they have different physical properties.
Also, 2R, 3R, 4S-2,3,4-tribromopentane and 2R, 3S, 4S-2,3,4-tribromopentane are examples of diastereomers.
Epimers
Are a subtype of diastereomer that differ in the configuration at only one chiral center.
They have similar physical and chemical properties but differ in their stereochemistry at one specific carbon atom.
Examples of epimers are galactose and glucose because they differ only in the stereochemistry at carbon 4.
Chirality
Chirality refers to the characteristic of a molecule that cannot be superimposed on its mirror image.
Meaning that a chiral molecule has a nonsuperimposable mirror image, just like your left and right hands.
Chiral molecules have an asymmetrical carbon atom called a stereocenter, which is a carbon atom bonded to four different groups.
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