Periodontitis is the Infectious disease of periodontium resulting in progressive loss of supporting tissues of teeth.

And the material used to replace or regenerate the lost hard tissue, that is, the bone is termed as bone grafts

✔️DEFINITION: Bone grafts are Materials of natural or synthetic origin used for replacement or augmentation of lost bone.

✔️CLASSIFICATION: based on 2 categories.

🔘Based on properties, they are classified into 3 types: Osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive.
You can remember the pneumonic GIC.
🔘Based on the source, they are classified into autografts, allografts, xenografts and alloplasts.

➖Osteogenic grafts. These grafts have the ability to form new bones. The graft contains osteogenic cells that deposit new bone.

➖Osteoinductive grafts, these grafts have the Ability to induce bone formation. The graft contains chemical molecules like growth factors that signal the adjacent bone forming cells and these deposit new bone.

➖Osteoconductive grafts, they do not have any bone forming properties. They just act as scaffolds. They provide space into which the bone forming cells will migrate and then deposit new bone.

➖Autografts, these are bone grafts obtained from the same individual. Bone graft is harvested from one part of the body and transplanted into another region.

➖Allograft, these are bone grafts obtained from the different individuals of the same species, that are harvested from one human being and transplanted into another person.

➖Xenografts are bone grafts obtained from the different species. that is obtained from animal sources and transplanted into humans.

➖Alloplasts are man made synthetic materials that are used for bone augmentation.

Include the summary table in answers for added value.

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