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Why Elections were held in 1952 despite Election Commission Came in existence in 1950?
Idea of democracy
Politics as path to solve problems in democracy
Aim for public interest
Election Commission – delimitation and drawing boundaries - 1st test in poor & illiterate nation – so far only in N. America & Europe (literate)
General Elections, 1952 – What was so Unique?
6 months for campaigning, polling & counting
Elections were competitive (more than 4 candidates for each seat)
50% eligible candidates voted
Results were considered as fair even by losers
How Voting Methods Changed?
1st 2 elections
3rd to 13th election
Congress Dominated in 1st 3 General Elections
Importance of knowing First Past the Post System
Communist Party in Kerala
E. M. S. Namboodiripad
Communist Party of India
ideology of democratic socialism
Criticised the Congress for favouring capitalists and landlords and for ignoring the workers and the peasants
Socialist Party
ideology of democratic socialism
Criticised the Congress for favouring capitalists and landlords and for ignoring the workers and the peasants
Bhartiya Jan Sangh
Swatantra Party
Why India’s Congress Was Dominant?
Mexico: National Revolutionary Party later renamed Institutional Revolutionary Party, the PRI
Congress as Social & Ideological Coalition
Toleration & Management
FACTIONS
Emergence of Opposition Parties
Important Leaders and Contributors
