Mehndi is a form of body art and temporary skin decoration from the Indian subcontinent usually drawn on hands or legs, in which decorative designs are created on a person's body, using a paste, created from the powdered dry leaves of the henna plant.
Henna was first applied as a means to cool down the body. A dot was applied to the palm of the hands and helped to cool the body. After becoming bored with the look of the single dot on the palm, the early users of henna began to add lines and other shapes. Eventually this elaboration became the beautiful designs we see today.
It is a popular form of body art among the women of South Asia such as IndiaNepal and resembles Similar practices found in North Africa East Africa and the Middle East see Henna#Traditions of henna as body art. In the West, mehndi is known as henna.
Henna has been used as a dye for the skin since ancient times.
According to A Dictionary of Urdu Classical Hindi and English Mehndi also refers to "the marriage-feast on the occasion of the bride's hands and feet being stained with henna (ḥinā) or an ark, or tabernacle, carried in solemn procession by some Muslims on the eve of the anniversary of the death of a person who died just as he was about to marry:—meṅhdī bāṅdhnā (-meṅ). It was originally used for only women's palms and sometimes for men, but as time progressed, it was more common for women to wear it[
There are many variations and designs. Women usually apply mehndi designs to their hands and feet, though some, including cancer patients and women with alopecia occasionally decorate their scalps. The standard color of henna is brown, but other design colors such as white red black and gold are sometimes used.
Mehendi in Indian tradition is typically applied during Hindu weddings and festivals like Karva Chauth Vat Purnima Diwali, Bhai Dooj Navraathri Durga Pooja and Teej.Muslims in South Asia also apply mehendi during Muslim weddings festivals such as Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha.
In Hindu festivals, women often have henna applied to their hands, feet and sometimes the backs of their shoulders. Conversely, men usually have it applied on their arms legs back and chest. For women it is usually drawn on their palms backs of their hands and on feet, where the design will be clearest due to contrast with the lighter skin on these surfaces, which naturally contains less of the pigment melanin.
Alta Alata or Mahur is a red dye used similarly to henna to paint the feet of the brides in some regions of the Indian subcontinent.
Likely due to the desire for a "tattoo-black" appearance, some people add the synthetic dye p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) to henna to give it a black colour. PPD may cause moderate to severe allergic reactions when applied to skin.

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