The story behind the Aadhaar Case: In 2011, the Government of India initiated a new identity document called as Aadhaar card for which established a new agency, the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), to issue the card. For the application of the card, a resident must submit the scan of their fingerprints and retina. All the data are stored in a centralized data base.
Subsequently, the government made Aadhaar mandatory for several welfare schemes such as subsidized food under Public Distribution System, Mid-day meal scheme and Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme etc.
That being said, this Aadhaar scheme was challenged by the retired judge of Karnataka High Court K.S. Puttaswamy before the SC. Therefore, the primary question to be considered by the Apex Court was whether the provisions of the Act were contrary to the right to privacy which has been established as a fundamental right sometime before.
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