This represents a coupled CFD-DEM simulation of a single-screw extruder transporting and melting polypropylene granules (particles: white spheres, molten plastic: purple iso-surfaces). The interplay between three different phases (solid, air and liquid) is obtained by coupling LIGGGHTS® (DEM) with cfdemSolverInterDyMPC (Volume of Fluid Method). The melting process is reproduced by a mass transfer from the solid to liquid phase, which occurs when the temperature of the particles exceeds the melting point due to external heating.

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