A normal VPN encrypts data sent to and received from the internet so that no third parties can decipher it. The data is passed through an intermediary server in a location of the user’s choosing, replacing their IP address with that of the VPN server.
The process for outgoing data on a normal VPN looks like:
Data is encrypted on the end user device (smartphone, laptop, etc)
Encrypted data is sent to the VPN server
Encrypted data is decrypted on the VPN server
Data is sent to the destination website, app, or online service
Incoming data simply reverses this process so that it is encrypted on the server and decrypted on the end user device.
A double VPN adds a second VPN server in the mix, as well as a second layer of encryption. The process for outgoing data looks like this:
Data is encrypted on the end user device
Encrypted data is encrypted a second time on the end user device
Twice-encrypted data is sent to the first VPN server
The second layer of encryption is removed by the first VPN server
Encrypted data is sent to the second VPN server
The first layer of encryption is removed and the data is fully decrypted
Data is sent to the destination website, app, or online service
Incoming data goes through the same process in reverse. A layer of encryption is applied at each server and both are decrypted on the end user device.
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