This is a flag history that splits into two, has dragons, stripes and then changes the meanings, welcome to the People's Republic of China.

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The red has two historical meanings; firstly it's the colour of the revolutionary communists from 1949 when the nationalists were expelled, but more on them shortly, secondly it's the ethnic colour of the Han, the largest group of people in the country.
But if we go way back we find that yellow is the dominant colour. Originally the Manchu people ruled with their ethnic colour from the mid 1600's to the early 20th century. This included the Qing dynasty of their later years with this striking dragon flag. That all changed in 1912 with the arrival of the Republic of China and a flag to encompass the five main groups of the people in the land.
Red for the Han
Yellow for the Manchu
Blue for the Mongols
White for Tibetans
Black for the Hui

This was changed in 1928 because it was felt that the flag displayed a hierarchy with the stripes and this flag became their national symbol.
Now you might recognize this flag of that of Taiwan, well this is where the split comes in. China experiences a civil war which ended in 1949 when the Republic of China government relocates to the island of Taiwan with the then current flag.
On the mainland the communist forces created the People's Republic of China and introduced their new flag on 1st October 1949. The largest star is the Chinese Communist Party, the four smaller ones are the four social classes uniting in coalition. However, the meaning gets changed to the largest star being China and the other four stars are four smaller national minorities as mentioned earlier.

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