The Castilian Civil War (1366–1369) was a conflict in medieval Spain involving a struggle for the Castilian crown. The war began when Peter of Castile, known as Peter the Cruel, was overthrown by his half-brother Henry of Trastámara, who claimed the throne with support from the French and the Kingdom of Aragon. Peter sought to reclaim his position with the help of English forces and the support of his loyalists. The war saw significant battles, including the Battle of Nájera in 1367, where Peter’s forces, aided by English allies, defeated Henry’s troops. Despite this victory, Peter's reign was short-lived, and Henry of Trastámara ultimately emerged victorious. The war ended with Peter’s defeat and death in 1369, and Henry became Henry II of Castile, founding the Trastámara dynasty. The conflict had lasting effects on the political landscape of Castile and the broader Iberian Peninsula.
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