Muscle Contraction \ Mechanism
Muscle contraction is the tightening, shortening, or lengthening of muscles when you do some activity. Muscle contraction is often followed by muscle relaxation, when contracted muscles return to their normal state.
The Muscle contraction includes the following processes:
In this module, you will learn about the mechanism of muscle contraction.
• The sliding filament theory is the most accepted theory which best explains the
mechanism of muscle contraction.
• A motor neuron carries signal from the CNS to the muscle fibre, which
generates an action potential.
• The action potential causes the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic
reticulum.
• Calcium ions bind to troponin on actin, thus exposing the binding sites for
myosin.
• The myosin heads bind to the actin, forming a cross-bridge that pulls the actin
filaments causing them to slide over the myosin filaments. Thus, causing
contraction.
• Once the motor neuron stops sending the signals, calcium ions are returned
back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This inactivates the actin; cross-bridges
are broken and the muscles relax.
• Muscle fibres are classified as red muscle fibres and white muscle fibres
depending on the amount of red-coloured myoglobin in them.
The video covers the following topic:
- muscle contraction types
- muscle contraction steps
- muscle contraction process
- mechanism of muscle contraction class 11
- muscle contraction
- mechanism of muscle contraction
- locomotion and movement class 11
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