You’ve provided a great list of expensive gemstones and their approximate prices per carat. Here’s a bit more context for each one:
1. Blue Diamond – $3.93 million per carat: Blue diamonds, especially the rare and vivid varieties, command incredible prices due to their scarcity and unique color, with famous examples like the Hope Diamond.
2. Musgravite – $35,000 per carat: Musgravite is one of the rarest gemstones in the world, with only a handful of known specimens, making it incredibly valuable.
3. Jadeite – $20,000 per carat: The finest jadeite, particularly in its vivid green form, is highly prized in East Asia, where it’s a symbol of wealth and status.
4. Alexandrite – $12,000 per carat: Known for its color-changing properties, alexandrite is rare and highly valued, with its price increasing based on size and color-change quality.
5. Red Beryl – $10,000 per carat: Often referred to as “bixbite,” this rare gem is found in only a few locations in the world and is much rarer than diamonds.
6. Padparadscha Sapphire – $8,000 per carat: This rare, pink-orange sapphire is prized for its unique color, often fetching high prices when in top quality.
7. Benitoite – $3,800 per carat: Known for its striking blue color and brilliance, benitoite is a rare gemstone, primarily found in California.
8. Black Opal – $3,500 per carat: Black opal, particularly from Lightning Ridge in Australia, is the most valuable type of opal due to its vibrant play of color.
9. Demantoid Garnet – $3,300 per carat: A rare green variety of garnet, demantoid garnet is prized for its brilliance and vivid color, often found in Russia.
10. Taaffeite – $2,500 per carat: A rare and often confused with spinel, taaffeite is a gemstone that’s prized for its beautiful lavender to pinkish hues and is very scarce.

These gemstones are not only expensive due to their rarity, but also because of their unique and often striking physical properties, such as color, brilliance, or optical effects.
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