Stefan cel Mare Boulevard is one of the most prominent streets of the Moldovan capital. The 3.8-km thoroughfare is lined with numerous buildings of social and political importance, cultural institutions and shops.

Historically, it is believed to have stemmed from the road that led into the city from the Russian military camp stationed to the west of Chisinau in 1789. Long before the city plan was adopted by Russian Emperor Alexander II in 1834, the construction of the Nativity Cathedral started together with the Public Garden (now known as Stefan cel Mare Park) and many other locations nearby.

Over the years, the street has changed several names, starting from Millionnaia in the early 19th century to Moskovskaia (between 1840 and 1877), followed by Aleksandrovskaia (1877–1924), then blvd. Alexandru cel Bun (1924–1931), blvd. King Carol II (1931-1944), Lenin street/blvd (1944–1952/1952-1990) until finally becoming blvd. Stefan cel Mare – named after of the ancient ruler of Moldova, prince Stephen the Great (1457–1504) – following the country's independence in 1991.

Largely rebuilt after WWII, the boulevard had some of the buildings keep their original appearance while their function had changed.

The City Hall – home to Chisinau's municipal administration since 1951; originally constructed in 1901, was rebuilt in 1945–1948. Organ Hall – first built in 1901 to house a bank; converted into a concert hall in 1978. The Mihai Eminescu National Theater – appeared in 1920 as the Palace of Culture; restructured in 1946–1953 to accommodate the theater.

During the 1970s–80s, several new buildings were added to the scape, including:

The National Opera and Ballet Theatre, established in 1957 – moved to the new location in 1980. Presidential Palace – headquarters of the Presidential Apparatus of the Republic of Moldova; constructed in 1984. Parliament Building – seat of the Moldovan Parliament; originally built to house the Central Committee of the Communist Party of MSSR in 1976-1979.

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